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大鼠脑神经膜 1

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拟除虫菊酯 1

毒效动力学 1

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Revealing the GHG reduction potential of emerging biomass-based CO utilization with an iron cycle system

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1727-8

摘要：

● Greenhouse gas mitigation by biomass-based CO2 utilization with a Fe cycle system.

关键词： Carbon dioxide utilization     Hydrothermal reactions     Biomass-based CO2 reduction     Simulation     Ex-ante LCA    

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Development and application of ex-situ presulfurization technology for hydrotreating catalysts in China

Yulan GAO, Xiangchen FANG, Zhenmin CHENG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 287-296 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0529-2

摘要： The development and application of ex-situ presulfurization (EPRES) technology for hydrotreating catalysts has been reviewed in the present article. The studies in laboratory scale and commercial practice indicated that the adoption of the EPRES catalyst in industrial application can significantly enhance the degree of presulfurization of metal oxide components, shorten the start-up period, and effectively reduce the environmental impact as well as the danger of start-up procedure in industrial hydrotreating unit. This catalyst has been proved to be versatile for different types of hydrogenation reactions. Different types of active site models are also discussed for better understanding the nature of presulfurized catalysts.

关键词： ex-situ presulfurization     in situ presulfurization     hydrotreating catalyst     sulfur utilization ratio    

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A review on

Shaolong WAN,Yong WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 280-294 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1436-8

摘要： Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) is deemed as the most promising way to convert biomass to transportation fuels or value added chemicals. Most works in literature so far have focused on the CFP where the catalysts are packed or co-fed with the feedstock in the pyrolysis reactor. However, the CFP with catalysts separated from the pyrolyzer has attracted more and more attentions due to its unique advantages of individually optimizing the pyrolysis conditions and catalyst performances. This review compares the differences between the and CFP operation, and summarizes the development and progress of CFP applications, including the rationale and performances of different catalysts, and the choices of suitable reactor systems. Due to the complex composition of bio-oil, no single approach was believed to be able to solve the problems completely among all those existing technologies. With the increased understanding of catalyst performances and reaction process, the recent trend toward an integration of biomass or bio-oil fractionation with subsequent thermo/bio-chemical conversion routes is also discussed.

关键词： catalytic fast pyrolysis     ex situ     catalysts    

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Analysis on carbon emission reduction intensity of fuel cell vehicles from a life-cycle perspective

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0909-1

摘要： The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is rapidly developing in China for carbon reduction and neutrality. This paper evaluated the life-cycle cost and carbon emission of hydrogen energy via lots of field surveys, including hydrogen production and packing in chlor-alkali plants, transport by tube trailers, storage and refueling in hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs), and application for use in two different cities. It also conducted a comparative study for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). The result indicates that hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (FCV) has the best environmental performance but the highest energy cost. However, a sufficient hydrogen supply can significantly reduce the carbon intensity and FCV energy cost of the current system. The carbon emission for FCV application has the potential to decrease by 73.1% in City A and 43.8% in City B. It only takes 11.0%–20.1% of the BEV emission and 8.2%–9.8% of the ICEV emission. The cost of FCV driving can be reduced by 39.1% in City A. Further improvement can be obtained with an economical and “greener” hydrogen production pathway.

关键词： hydrogen energy     life-cycle assessment (LCA)     fuel cell vehicle     carbon emission     energy cost    

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Carbon footprint assessment for the waste management sector: A comparative analysis of China and Japan

Lu SUN, Zhaoling LI, Minoru FUJII, Yasuaki HIJIOKA, Tsuyoshi FUJITA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 400-410 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0565-z

摘要：

Waste management is becoming a crucial issue in modern society owing to rapid urbanization and the increasing generation of municipal solid waste (MSW). This paper evaluates the carbon footprint of the waste management sector to identify direct and indirect carbon emissions, waste recycling carbon emission using a hybrid life cycle assessment and input-output analysis. China and Japan was selected as case study areas to highlight the effects of different industries on waste management. The results show that the life cycle carbon footprints for waste treatment are 59.01 million tons in China and 7.01 million tons in Japan. The gap between these footprints is caused by the different waste management systems and treatment processes used in the two countries. For indirect carbon footprints, China’s material carbon footprint and depreciation carbon footprint are much higher than those of Japan, whereas the purchased electricity and heat carbon footprint in China is half that of Japan. China and Japan have similar direct energy consumption carbon footprints. However, CO2 emissions from MSW treatment processes in China (46.46 million tons) is significantly higher than that in Japan (2.72 million tons). The corresponding effects of waste recycling on CO2 emission reductions are considerable, up to 181.37 million tons for China and 96.76 million tons for Japan. Besides, measures were further proposed for optimizing waste management systems in the two countries. In addition, it is argued that the advanced experience that developed countries have in waste management issues can provide scientific support for waste treatment in developing countries such as China.

关键词： waste management     waste recycling     carbon footprint     hybrid LCA    

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Toward the development of process plans with reduced environmental impacts

Fu ZHAO, Vance R. MURRAY, Karthik RAMANI, John W. SUTHERLAND

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第7卷 第3期   页码 231-246 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0334-3

摘要：

Manufacturing process planning serves as a pivotal link between design and manufacturing. Process planning decisions play a critical role in determining the cost and environmental impacts associated with manufacturing. Past efforts to address environmental issues during process planning are briefly reviewed and potential approaches that can achieve reduced environmental impacts are then discussed. A proposed method is presented for environmentally conscious process planning. The method begins with an existing process plan, and then identifies impactful process steps, and associated design features, in terms of manufacturing cost and environmental impact. Alternative processes that can achieve these features are then considered to generate alternative process plans. These alternatives are then evaluated in terms of economic and environmental performance. The results of these evaluations are then used to generate a set of process plans that are non-dominated with respect to manufacturing cost and environmental impact objectives to produce a Pareto frontier. The proposed method is demonstrated using the manufacturing of a prosthetic hip shell as a case study.

关键词： process planning     life cycle assessment (LCA)     sustainable manufacturing     prosthetic hip shell    

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Life-cycle analysis of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of gas-to-liquid fuel pathway from steel mill off-gas in China by the LanzaTech process

Xunmin OU, Xu ZHANG, Qian ZHANG, Xiliang ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 263-270 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0263-9

摘要： The LanzaTech process can convert carbon monoxide-containing gases produced by industries, such as steel manufacturing, into valuable fuel products. The life-cycle analysis (LCA) of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions from the LanzaTech process has been developed for a Chinese setting using the original Tsinghua China Automotive LCA model along with a customized module developed principally for the process. The LCA results demonstrate that LanzaTech gas-to-liquid (GTL) processing in China’s steel manufacturing is favorable in terms of life-cycle fossil energy and can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 50% compared with the conventional petroleum gasoline. The LanzaTech process, therefore, shows advantages in both energy-savings and a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions when compared with most bio-ethanol production pathways in China.

关键词： life-cycle analysis (LCA)     gas-to-liquid (GTL)     LanzaTech process    

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Life cycle assessment of low impact development technologies combined with conventional centralized water systems for the City of Atlanta, Georgia

Hyunju Jeong, Osvaldo A. Broesicke, Bob Drew, Duo Li, John C. Crittenden

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0851-0

摘要： Hybrid system of LID technologies and conventional system was examined. Bioretention areas, rainwater harvesting, and xeriscaping were considered. Technology feasibility was simulated for land use and population density. Synergistic effects of technologies were quantified in defined zones. Uncertainty test was conducted with pedigree matrix and Monte Carlo analysis. Low-impact development (LID) technologies, such as bioretention areas, rooftop rainwater harvesting, and xeriscaping can control stormwater runoff, supply non-potable water, and landscape open space. This study examines a hybrid system (HS) that combines LID technologies with a centralized water system to lessen the burden on a conventional system (CS). CS is defined as the stormwater collection and water supply infrastructure, and the conventional landscaping choices in the City of Atlanta. The study scope is limited to five single-family residential zones (SFZs), classified R-1 through R-5, and four multi-family residential zones (MFZs), classified RG-2 through RG-5. Population density increases from 0.4 (R-1) to 62.2 (RG-5) persons per 1,000 m . We performed a life cycle assessment (LCA) comparison of CS and HS using TRACI 2.1 to simulate impacts on the ecosystem, human health, and natural resources. We quantified the impact of freshwater consumption using the freshwater ecosystem impact (FEI) indicator. Test results indicate that HS has a higher LCA single score than CS in zones with a low population density; however, the difference becomes negligible as population density increases. Incorporating LID in SFZs and MFZs can reduce potable water use by an average of 50% and 25%, respectively; however, water savings are negligible in zones with high population density (i.e., RG-5) due to the diminished surface area per capita available for LID technologies. The results demonstrate that LID technologies effectively reduce outdoor water demand and therefore would be a good choice to decrease the water consumption impact in the City of Atlanta.

关键词： Life cycle assessment (LCA)     Low impact development (LID)     Bioretention area     Rainwater harvesting     Xeriscaping    

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注射大鼠脑神经膜的非洲爪蟾卵母细胞——一种创新的体外方法研究拟除虫菊酯对天然态离子通道的影响 Review

John Clark, Steve Symington

《工程（英文）》 2020年 第6卷 第5期   页码 515-521 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.10.017

摘要：

将大鼠脑神经膜微移植到非洲爪蟾卵母细胞的质膜中，是一种利用标准电生理学方式研究其天然态通道和受体的体外方法。在本文中，我们发现注射了成年大鼠脑神经膜的卵母细胞会引发对河豚毒素敏感的膜去极化内向离子流，经除虫菊酯类杀虫剂氯菊酯和溴氰菊酯处理后，该电流呈浓度依赖性增加。根据我们最初的方案，随着时间的推移，卵母细胞的健康水平会降低，不同批次的不同蛙类卵母细胞间与神经膜的结合程度也不同，这限制了该试验在调控问题上的实用性。对分析程序、数据接受标准和分析方法的一系列更改可显著提高试验的精度，从而提高性能。这些变化促使这种体外方法成为一种毒理学相关分析方法，以研究拟除虫菊酯对取自幼年和成年大鼠脑中的神经膜片段的离子通道的毒性作用。

关键词： 微移植     拟除虫菊酯     大鼠脑神经膜     毒效动力学     电压敏感钠离子通道     非洲爪蟾    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Revealing the GHG reduction potential of emerging biomass-based CO utilization with an iron cycle system

期刊论文

Development and application of ex-situ presulfurization technology for hydrotreating catalysts in China

Yulan GAO, Xiangchen FANG, Zhenmin CHENG

期刊论文

A review on

Shaolong WAN,Yong WANG

期刊论文

Analysis on carbon emission reduction intensity of fuel cell vehicles from a life-cycle perspective

期刊论文

Carbon footprint assessment for the waste management sector: A comparative analysis of China and Japan

Lu SUN, Zhaoling LI, Minoru FUJII, Yasuaki HIJIOKA, Tsuyoshi FUJITA

期刊论文

Toward the development of process plans with reduced environmental impacts

Fu ZHAO, Vance R. MURRAY, Karthik RAMANI, John W. SUTHERLAND

期刊论文

Life-cycle analysis of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of gas-to-liquid fuel pathway from steel mill off-gas in China by the LanzaTech process

Xunmin OU, Xu ZHANG, Qian ZHANG, Xiliang ZHANG

期刊论文

Life cycle assessment of low impact development technologies combined with conventional centralized water systems for the City of Atlanta, Georgia

Hyunju Jeong, Osvaldo A. Broesicke, Bob Drew, Duo Li, John C. Crittenden

期刊论文

注射大鼠脑神经膜的非洲爪蟾卵母细胞——一种创新的体外方法研究拟除虫菊酯对天然态离子通道的影响

John Clark, Steve Symington

期刊论文